The hosts now get up and go outside, where they remain standing in a group, and one or more of their number commence sounding, the goonandhakeea or bull-roarer. This template also provides some clues as to where the . make arrangements for the district constable and some others, together with some soldiers, being sent up to apprehend the offenders. Coen was responsible for the storms, floods, droughts and fires and had carried off manyfor offences against tribal laws. One of a small camp of blacks about a quarter of a mile from our house died of some sickness. After the novices have been about a week at the keelaybang another mob of men from the womens camp make their appearance during the afternoon. [2], He is said to have two wives, Ganhanbili and Birrangulu,[3] the latter often being identified as an emu, and with whom he has a son Dharramalan. The keerangy then take their leave, and return to the kweealbang camp. The Wonnarua also had trade and ceremonial links with the Kamilaroi people. A letter published in the Dungog Chronicle, by an RJ Hector in 1906 and based on a list of local aboriginal words originally compiled in the 1840s. About the Wonnarua, by James Miller contains more information about the Wonnarua. . The men of one tribe dance one evening - their women beating time for them; the next night the men and women of another tribe provide the evenings amusement. I never knew the blacks to steal anything from our premises except water-melons, of which they were extremely fond. The edges of the space were raised about nine inches. The spirit of Baime is depicted on a cave overlooking the Valley at Milbrodale painted more than 3000 years ago. It was amazing the quantity of food the toddlers could consume, and It was astonishing that it did them no harm. No one worried about a Coronial inquiry in those days. These were particular favorites, and it was no uncommon sight to see a group of excited blacks hacking at a log and dragging out the long, squirming worms ( which they would swallow raw and wriggling. As James Miller explains in his bookKoori a Will to Win, The land held the key to lifes secrets. Warning: This article contains content that some readers may find distressing. The diameters of this oval space were 28 feet and 20 feet respectively, being smaller than the oval near the camp. Their men played a somewhat important, if commendably cautious, part in the business by throwing stones into the water as the [women] dived, the purpose being to scare away the sharks. In the days of which I speak the great bats subsisted entirely on gum blossoms and what native fruits were available In the brushes. Shortly there was. There I. saw a large fire burning in the centre of a cleared oval space. These men were not allowed possession of fire arms. Mr Stacy did not think the wounds dangerous. There were a few aboriginals about in those times. Their good temper and childish relish of fun was never more exemplified than when someone made a present to a stalwart black of an old hat, coat, or other discarded garment. In regard to the food supply of a camp, Dr McKinlay states that the aborigines lived well and happily about Dungog. The map was determined by overlaying an old parish map onto a topographic map. punitive expeditions, and fixes the date at, 48. [7] A cave near Milbrodale contains many Wonnarua Aboriginal paintings, including a large figure of a man who may be Baiame. The massacre at Kiripit occurred in 35, and resulted in the death of five of Mackenzies convict shepherds. I have edited out many instances of phrases such as howling savages and gins and have tried to keep the excerpts as cultural reportage, not cultural judgement, but inevitably the historical reports indicate the white cultural mores of the time. The natives soon embraced the opportunity to raid the station. It is an arduous task that Mr. Mackay and myself are called upon to perform each month, to wit, to walk to Stroud from Dungog for the purpose of administering justice, and as the way is beset with wild blacks, who frequently molest and threaten us Fitzpatric also mentions: Armed conflict with police at a place called (in de- rision) Waterloo, near Browns Creek. He comments: Police got the worst of it. As a feat of agility it was more than ordinarily remarkable. I was in company with my old friend the late John Hopson on the tableland when he found a stone axe-heart there. A piece of suitable wood invariably myrtle had to be found, curved as much as possible in the rough shape to be assumed by the finished article. Examination of Rodwell continuedit was not more than a minute after we came up to their camp, that the blacks threw their spears, and boomarings at us; they attacked us without any provocation on our part; after they threw their spears, four or five shots were fired from our party; I fired, and the deceased fired also I think at the man who wounded him ; the blacks still continued to throw their spears at us after they had wounded the deceased; Flynn pulled out the spear first, then discharged his fowling piece, and followed the prisoner; the deceased called out to me that he had been speared, and pointed to the black who had speared him; I afterwards took off Flynns shirt, and examined the wound ; the wound bled very little; I did not think it a dangerous one; the deceased did not complain of much pain; he walked the first day after he had received the wound, I should think 13 or 14 miles; on the next day he walked to the Courthouse at Williams River, which was about eight miles distance ; on the following morning he left the Courthouse to go to the General Hospital at Newcastle, but on the way I heard that he was taken ill, and conveyed by one of the drays of the Australian Agricultural Company to. This unfor- tunate circumstance has given the blacks more courage, and their depredations are becoming more formidable, so that several respectable persons who have stations on the Manning have lately called on me and [called] for protection, but I could only refer them to Captain King, the Commissioner for the Australian Agricultural Company. He told those that were with him, to make the sign of peace with them which they did by waving the right hand over the head and then pointing to the ground. When it became the custom to carry blankets they usually pinned them across their chests with a bone nose-peg. At Port Stephens the tribe was happily situated in the matter of provender. I have seen the totems Mr Bennett mentions small chrystally pieces of quartz, stalactites with beautiful natural facets sexagon, octagon, and other shapes. All these operations are carried out as speedily as practicable, so as not to keep the women - some of whom have infants at their breasts - any longer under such rigorous concealment than is necessary. The Chief Justice recommended the prisoner to the Sheriffs humane attention. Not only did many of these children die, those who survived were almost invariably rendered infertile, a hugely significant factor in Aboriginal depopulation. Sharks were about the only thing the blacks feared in the water. When the boys have been sufficiently smoked, their guardians take them away, and they are followed by the other men for about 100 yards. lower coastal property. That this method was a good one I can bear strong testimony, for the natural juices were preserved within the fish, and the flesh tasted better than when treated any other way. It was confidently believed that the pain would leave the mans body by way of the cord ahd passing down with the blood from the womans mouth, dissipate Itself in the water. Around Dungog the blacks believed when a man became ill with a wasting sick- ness, that one of these medicine-men had crept in under cover of darkness and. The bearer, John McIntosh, ranger for our Association, will conduct any party that you will be pleased to send in the direction they are reported to be in. All the men and women then disperse into the camp, and the strangers commence erecting their quarters. Across the range, on the watershed of the Paterson, was another, and an important branch of this tribe with whom the natives of the Dungog district inter-married, and Dr. McKinlay and Mr. J. W. Boy- dell record that these tribes married also with those of the tribes on the Gloucester watershed. This appeared to be a signal for the next part of the proceedings, for soon after some two hundred leaping blackfellows appeared over the brow of the hill. I never remember any black starting out on a voyage, however short, without this fire burning. [T]here was the fear of darkness, general among all members of the tribe. Members were related to each other by their kinship classification, common language and law. Get XML access to reach the best products. Letters must be adjacent and longer words score better. There are hardly any left, except in odd places, just a wreck of what they were. . We acknowledge Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the First Australians and Traditional Custodians of the lands where we live, learn, and work. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser (NSW : 1894 - 1954) Fri 12 Nov 1926 Page 3 OUT- RAGE BY BLACKS. One of the first settlers was a man named Nolan, who set out to graze sheep. There was a bora ring on the property of the late Justin Bruyn, on Sugarloaf, and was situated on what was known as Bora ridge. endstream endobj 70 0 obj <> endobj 71 0 obj <>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 72 0 obj <>stream The local tribe also shift away to another part of their own hunting grounds. Explore cultural objects, art and technology in the Australian Museum's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Collection. (VMR, VHR). After this visit of the keerang the novices are allowed greater liberty, being permitted to sit up straight in the camp, and occasionally to stand. My great-great-great grandmother belonged to the Gringai group of the Won- narua people. of two men. Old Mr. Collier, the school teacher, asked the blacks to permit the school boys to see the ceremony. [3], On 5 September 1995, descendants of Sara Madoo, a traditional custodian of the Wonnarua lands, passed the Federal Court registration test of native title claims, pursuant to Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) s190A. These are excerpts from publicly available documents, mostly from the 1800s and early 1900s relating to the Gringai, giving an indication of their customs and way of life. Some had straight, long shafts tipped with pointed bone, either of fish or animal; others were pointed and barbed. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser (NSW : 1894 - 1954) Tuesday 25 March 1919 p3. An epic of the fight must have been the struggle between a big Irishman named Whalan and his foes as when his body was found it had four spears through it and no less than seven blacks were lying near him with their skulls smashed by a heavy rail with which he had apparently armed himself. I have some old records of the A.A. Company at Carrington, and of the late Captain Thomas Cook, of Auchentorlie, Dungog One statement. They were covered with pieces of bark and bushes. 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