[51][76][needs update], In November 2018, U.S. District Judge Brian Morris (District of Montana) enjoined construction of the pipeline and vacated the new permit because the policy reversal violated the Administrative Procedure Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and the Endangered Species Act. However, people, environmental activities, and organizations working on climate change strongly oppose this project. The study found that the pipeline would have limited adverse environmental impacts, but was authored by a firm that had "previously worked on projects with TransCanada and describes the pipeline company as a 'major client' in its marketing materials". [125] TransCanada's Pipeline Permit Application to the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission states project impacts that include potential physical disturbance, demolition or removal of "prehistoric or historic archaeological sites, districts, buildings, structures, objects, and locations with traditional cultural value to Native Americans and other groups".[126]. [220] Despite some records being posted by consulted agencies such as the EPA, the State Department has not responded to the request. In February 2011, the Keystone-Cushing extension (Phase II) was completed running 468 kilometres (291mi) from Steele City to a tank farm in Cushing, Oklahoma. Keystone XL - is a proposed pipeline of approx 1,179 miles that would join the existing channel to improve oil flow and save on transportation costs. We would score a victory, and it would have huge ramifications for holding off construction at critical times, says NRDC attorney Cecilia Segal, who has worked on KXL litigation since 2017. The black snake is a reference to something that is sneaky, dangerous and sinister, which is the way the Sioux Nation views the Keystone Pipeline. On April 15, 2020, District Judge Brian Morris issued a suspension for the pipeline's construction after the plaintiffs, the Northern Plains Resource Council, alleged the project was improperly reauthorised back in 2017. TC Energy is the Canadian pipeline company that planned to build the Keystone XL pipeline, which would have spanned from Hardisty, Alberta, to Steele City, Nebraska. [64], On November 3, 2015, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry issued a determination that the project was not in the public interest. [128] Earl Hatley, an environmental activist who has worked with Native American tribes[129] has expressed concern about the environmental and public health impact on Native Americans. [185] A broad coalition of protesters, including Phil Radford, Daryl Hannah,[186] Dave Heineman, Ben Nelson, Mike Johanns and Susie Tompkins Buell challenged him to keep that promise. [203], On November 30, 2011, a group of Republican senators introduced legislation aimed at forcing the Obama administration to make a decision within 60days. Opponents of this projectnow called the Gulf Coast Pipelinesay that TC Energy took advantage of legal loopholes to push the pipeline through, obtaining authorization under a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers nationwide permit and dodging the more rigorous vetting process for individual permits, which requires public input. [A]pproval or denial of any one crude oil transport project, including the proposed Project, is unlikely to significantly impact the rate of extraction in the oil sands, or the continued demand for heavy crude oil. (Reuters) -Canada's TC Energy shut its Keystone pipeline in the United States after more than 14,000 barrels of crude oil spilled into a creek in . [148], Canadian Ambassador Doer observes that Obama's "choice is to have it come down by a pipeline that he approves, or without his approval, it comes down on trains". [12] The Keystone XL pipeline segments were intended to allow American crude oil to enter the XL pipelines at Baker, Montana, on their way to the storage and distribution facilities at Cushing, Oklahoma. [3] The leak was detected near Washington County, Kansas, and spilled into Mill Creek, a creek that flows directly into the Little Blue River (Kansas/Nebraska). Its mines are a blight on Canadas boreal, where mining operations dig up and flatten forests to access the oil below, destroying wildlife habitat and one of the worlds largest carbon sinks. As the debates go on about this Keystone XL project being the biggest threat to the US. This is a debate about whether you want to get your oil from Canada or Venezuela or Nigeria. [240], On December 7, 2022, TC Energy in Canada initiated a shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline System in response to a 9PM Eastern Time alarm signaling a loss in pressure. Instead, TransCanada has invested a lot in misleading the American public by using fake science and faked numbers to promote the viability of the KXL pipeline project. The TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline is considered one of the toughest projects for organized labor. This is why we fight[134] further explains the relationship with the Oceti Sakowin Tribe by referring to the environment as Mother Earth when resisting the Keystone Pipeline. Fact: Even though the TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline will be buried nearly 20 feet underground, the risk of a spill is still there. [224] However, while TransCanada had asserted that a set of 57conditions will ensure Keystone XL's safe operation, Anthony Swift of the Natural Resources Defense Council asserted that all but a few of these conditions simply restate current minimum standards. [111], On January 24, 2017, President Donald Trump took action intended to permit the pipeline's completion, whereupon TC Energy suspended their NAFTA Chapter 11 action. Meanwhile, major new tar sands projects stopped moving forward, despite investments from the government of Alberta, Canada. Meet some of the people who are striving to stop TransCanadas dirty tar sands oil pipeline once and for all. Heres why thats a disaster in the making. Additionally, the review process for the KXL pipeline project was outsourced by the US government to a company that has close ties with TransCanada. What some pipeline advocates think is the "Keystone Pipeline" is a 1,700-mile "shortcut" called Keystone XL, or KXL. Yes, Trump has green-lighted the controversial Keystone XL pipeline. In July 2013, Obama said "The most realistic estimates are this might create maybe 2,000 jobs during the construction of the pipeline, which might take a year or two, and then after that we're talking about somewhere between 50 and 100 jobs in an economy of 150 million working people." ET Recently, a leak in the Keystone Pipeline caused thousands of barrels of oil to spill into a creek in Kansas, causing immense environmental damage. On June 15, 2015 the House Oversight Committee threatened to subpoena the State Department for the latter's withholding of records relevant to the process since March 2015 and calling the process "unnecessarily secretive". The statement of creating half a million jobs and millions of dollars in tax revenue for states is a diplomatic strategy to build support and turn opposition into their favor. This has proved to be untrue. [182], The project met with active public opposition when it was first announced. [notes 1][25] Phase III was opened on January 22, 2014, completing the pipeline path from Hardisty, Alberta to Nederland, Texas. [34], On January 22, 2008, ConocoPhillips acquired a 50% stake in the project. ", "Keystone XL Clears Hurdle In South Dakota", Pipe dreams? However, experts suggested that this will increase Americas reliance on oil only and ultimately reduce efforts towards renewable and sustainable energy options. What some pipeline advocates think is the "Keystone Pipeline" is a 1,700-mile "shortcut" called Keystone XL, or KXL. [53], On November 10, 2011, the Department of State postponed a final decision while investigating "potential alternative routes around the Sandhills in Nebraska" in response to concerns that the project was not in the United States' national interest. Fact: For those of you who have heard this claim that organized labor is in support of this pipeline, heres the shocking truth. The recent downward trend in gas prices further undermines the idea that there's a link between the Keystone XL pipeline and gas prices. But the groundswell of public protest was up against a formidable opponenthundreds of millions spent on lobbying by the fossil fuel industry. [232][233] The pipeline was immediately shut down,[234] and TransCanada began using the pipe again 12 days after the leak. [260], Public opinion polls taken by independent national polling organizations toward the beginning of the dispute showed majority support for the proposed pipeline in the US. At every turn, the Tar Sands Invasion would put people and the environment in harm's way. ", "Keystone pipeline: How many jobs it would really create", "Obama Questions Keystone XL Pipeline Job Projections", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)", AP: Obama Understates Keystone XL Pipeline Jobs By Thousands, "Oil sands awash in excess pipeline capacity", "Republicans aim to take Keystone XL decision out of Obama's hands", "Senate rejects effort to ban Keystone pipeline exports and use U.S. steel", "Senate Republicans block amendment by Sen. Ed Markey to keep Keystone XL Pipeline oil in US for American consumers exclusively", "Oil pipeline from Canada stirring anger in U.S. Great Plains", "Alberta exploring at least two oil pipeline projects to North", "Oil differential darkens Alberta's budget", "GLI_keystoneXL_Reportpdf | The ILR School | Cornell University", "Enbridge damage: Utility, road fixes could hit $1 million", "Lac-Mgantic: How to get rid of a town's oil stain", Canada train disaster bolsters pipeline case: Our view, Williston Basin crude oil production and takeaway capacity are increasing, Quebec tragedy reminds us pipelines are safest way to transport oil, "In Dakota Oil Patch, Trains Trump Pipelines", "How defeating Keystone XL built a bolder, savvier climate movement", "Citing Climate Change, Obama Rejects Construction of Keystone XL Oil Pipeline", "Shining Light on Obama's Tar Sands Pipeline Decision", "Protesters in Texas climb trees to block pipeline work", "Keystone: pipeline to Obama's re-election", "Activists Launch Keystone XL Blockade in East Texas", "Blockadia Rising: Rowdy Greens, Direct Action and the Keystone XL Pipeline", "Green Party presidential hopeful arrested in pipeline protest", "Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein charged with trespassing in Keystone XL protest", "Keystone XL protesters pressure Obama on climate change promise", "Thousands rally in Washington to protest Keystone pipeline", "40,000 People Reported at Climate Change Rally", "Biggest Environmental Rally in Decades Attracts Nationwide Media Attention", "Thousands rally in D.C. against Keystone Pipeline", "Rosebud Sioux Tribe is Holding Its Own Public Hearing on the Keystone XL Pipeline! This is not a pipeline to America, said the late civil rights activist Julian Bond, among the many arrested. [269] It began reversed operations on May 17, 2012. On March 9, 2017, the Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Premier of Alberta Rachel Notley attended North America's largest energy conference CERAWeek in Houston, Texas. Jobs Gained, Jobs Lost by the Construction of Keystone XL, "EPA: Keystone XL impact statement needs revising", "EPA Calls for Further Study of Keystone XL", "Keystone Pipeline Leak Was Twice as Big as Previously Thought", "Keystone pipeline spills 210,000 gallons of oil on eve of permitting decision for TransCanada", "Keystone Poses 'No Significant Impacts' to Most Resources Along Path US", "Pipe dreams? These sands contain bitumen, a gooey type of petroleum that can be converted into fuel. . If anything happens on the Keystone XL Pipeline, rapid response is key. With relation to the Estes article, there is concern by indigenous people that the Keystone Pipeline can lead to a similar type of destruction. In may of 2019, the Sioux Nation held their own public hearing for native, and non-native people to voice their concerns about the Keystone Pipeline. [6], The proposed Keystone XL pipeline would start from the same area in Alberta, Canada, as the Phase 1 pipeline. A study published in early 2020, co-authored by TC Energys own scientists, found that the anti-corrosion coating on the projects pipes was damaged from being stored outside and exposed to the elements for the last decade, notes NRDC senior attorney Jaclyn Prange, who spent years working on KXL litigation. The Keystone XL proposal faced criticism from environmentalists and a minority of the members of the United States Congress. [61] On February 11, 2015, the Keystone XL Pipeline was passed by the House of Representatives with the proposed Senate Amendments 270152. The Cushing MarketLink pipeline phase started at Cushing, Oklahoma, where American-produced oil is added to the pipeline, then runs south 435 miles (700km) to a delivery point near terminals in Nederland, Texas, to serve refineries in the Port Arthur, Texas, area. Without Keystone XL, the tar sands industry has been forced to cancel projects rather than shift to rail, subsequently leaving more of the earths dirtiest fuel in the ground where it belongs. but the truth is energy prices will hike up at some point. It is also predicted that this project will create only a few full-time jobs for steel workers during its construction period. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. President Obama's recent rejection A spill would have been devastating to the farms, ranches, and communities that depend on these crucial ecosystems. It would have sliced through Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and. As per the analysis report conducted by Cornell Universitys Global Labor Institute, these job claims are nothing but mere fabrications. This phase was constructed 2013 to 2016 and went online in 2017. [136] On October 4, 2012, 78-year-old Texas landowner Eleanor Fairchild was arrested for criminal trespassing and other charges after she was accused of standing in front of pipeline construction equipment on Fairchild's farm in Winnsboro, a town about 100 miles (160km) east of Dallas. [144] An investigation by the magazine Mother Jones revealed that the State Department had redacted the biographies of the study's authors to hide their previous contract work for TransCanada and other oil companies with an economic interest in the project. Fact: TransCanada is interested in this project for one reason: to explore global markets through this pipeline. TC Energy Corp., the Canadian company that owns the Keystone XL pipeline with the Alberta government, has said more than 1,000 people are out of work because of Biden's executive order. TC Energy confirmed that there had been a release of oil into a creek located in Washington County, Kansas, 20 miles to the south of Steele City, Nebraska. The oil leak is the largest seen from the Keystone pipeline in the state. [44] One of the major concerns was the way in which the original route crossed the Sandhills, the large wetland ecosystem in Nebraska, and the Ogallala Aquifer, one of the largest reserves of fresh water in the world. This means in case of a spill; there is no proper method for cleaning this bitumen. It would have sliced through Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and Oklahoma to the Texas Gulf Coast, delivering 830,000 barrels of tar sands oil per day. Leaks and spills from Keystone XL and other tar sands and conventional crude pipelines could put existing jobs at risk. Other than this, problems also exist on the ground where people are busy fighting against deforestation and water pollution caused by this project. On his fourth day in office, Trump signed an executive order to allow Keystone XL to move forward. Fact: The main reason why TransCanada is pulling out every single card on this project is that its the only way for this company to explore overseas markets. This is why we fight | Dallas Goldtooth", "Eminent Domain Fight Has a Canadian Twist", "Daryl Hannah freed following arrest in pipeline protest", "Pipeline Review Is Faced With Question of Conflict", "Keystone XL: State Department cleared of conflict, not ineptness", "Keystone XL pipeline report slammed by activists and scientists", "EXCLUSIVE: State Dept. [54][205], In 2011, after opposition for laying the pipeline in this area, TransCanada agreed to change the route and skip the Sandhills,[108] even though pipeline industry spokesmen had maintained that existing pipelines carrying crude oil and refined liquid hydrocarbons have crossed over the Ogallala Aquifer for years in southeast Wyoming, eastern Colorado and New Mexico, western Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. [102], As of 2008, certain parties who agreed to make volume commitments to the Keystone expansion had the option to acquire up to a combined 15% equity ownership,[30] which included Valero Energy Corporation[103] and Hogshead Spouter Co.[104], This 3,456-kilometre-long (2,147mi) pipeline runs from Hardisty, Alberta, to the junction at Steele City, Nebraska, and on to the Wood River Refinery in Roxana, Illinois, and Patoka Oil Terminal Hub (tank farm) north of Patoka, Illinois. [40] Phase 1 went online in June 2010. Natural Resources Defense Council 2023 Privacy Policy In addition, the bitumen that will be flowing through this pipeline has a unique composition, and traditional cleaning methods do not work for it. [4][5], In January 2014, the U.S. Department of State's (DoS) January 2014 "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement" (SEIS) said that, "because of broader market dynamics and options for crude oil transport in the North American logistics system, the upstream and downstream activities are unlikely to be substantially different whether or not the proposed Project is constructed". Indeed, one study found that between 2007 and 2010, pipelines moving tar sands oil in Midwestern states spilled three times more per mile than the U.S. national average for pipelines carrying conventional crude. [68], On November 16, 2011, Enbridge announced it was buying ConocoPhillips's 50% interest in the Seaway pipeline that flowed from the Gulf of Mexico to the Cushing hub. [207], In January 2012, President Obama rejected the application amid protests about the pipeline's impact on Nebraska's environmentally sensitive Sandhills region. For more than a decade, we've fought to keep this filthy fossil fuel from being dredged up and piped through the United States. While the project may produce some temporary jobs for unemployed people, this project will not be able to create clean energy jobs. The Bakken oil is of a higher quality than the Canadian sand oil and can be sold to east coast refinery at a premium that they would not get sending it to Gulf refineries. [citation needed], From January 2018 through December 31, 2019, Keystone XL development costs were $1.5 billion. United States Department of State and the Broadcasting Board of Governors Office of Inspector General Office of Audits. Keystone XL: Myths vs. Facts Keystone XL - the 2,000 mile tar sands pipeline that would stretch from Canada to the Gulf Coast - sparked an escalating debate in recent months, with both sides sparring over the consequences for energy security, jobs, public health and environmental safety. For companies considering whether to invest in a long-lived tar sands project (which could last for 50 years), access to cheap pipeline capacity plays a major role in the decision to move forward or not. The oil flow was stopped on Wednesday, December 7 just seven minutes after a leak was discovered. But the path to victory wasnt always clear. Organizer Bill McKibben said, "this has become not only the biggest environmental flash point in many, many years, but maybe the issue in recent times in the Obama administration when he's been most directly confronted by people in the street. By that point, Keystone XL faced an unfriendly administration, numerous legal challenges, declining oil prices, worsening climate impacts, and a growing movement of climate organizersalong the pipelines route and around the worldunwilling to look the other way. They then started rising again from late April. [17], A proposed fourth pipeline, called Keystone XL (sometimes abbreviated KXL, with XL standing for "export limited"[18]) Pipeline, would have connected the Phase I-pipeline terminals in Hardisty, Alberta, and Steele City, Nebraska, by a shorter route and a larger-diameter pipe. Thanks for signing up. Hid Contractor's Ties to Keystone XL Pipeline Company", "Americans should be thankful for Canada", "The U.S. and Canada: we used to be friends", "Canada's US ambassador pushes for Keystone XL decision", "Rosebud Sioux Tribe Calls House Keystone XL Passage an 'Act of War,' Vows Legal Action", "U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on Energy and Commerce: The Keystone XL Pipeline", "Say Yes To Building The Keystone Oil Pipeline", The possible loss of Venezuelan heavy crude oil imports underscores the strategic importance of the Keystone XL pipeline, "TransCanada: Oil Sands Exports Will Go To Asia If Blocked In US", The Impact of Developing the Keystone XL Pipeline Project on Business Activity in the US: An Analysis Including State-by-State Construction Effects and an Assessment of the Potential Benefits of a More Stable Source of Domestic Supply, "Keystone XL Jobs Bewilder Media. 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